See buig on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "buigen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch buigen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bugen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bugen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*būgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *būgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*būganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch buigen, from Middle Dutch bugen, from Old Dutch *būgan, from Proto-Germanic *būganą, alternative form of *beuganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buig",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buigende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebuig",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buig (present buig, present participle buigende, past participle gebuig)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "verbal adjective",
"translation": "verbal adjective",
"word": "geboë"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to bow; to bend"
],
"id": "en-buig-af-verb-U8B1KFhI",
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ergative) to bow; to bend"
],
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bœi̯χ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bəi̯χ/",
"note": "œ-ə merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-buig.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "buig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"buig"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-buig-nl-verb-8xCIWbHF",
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 49 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-buig-nl-verb-Tu5Bkg4h",
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 44 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-buig-nl-verb-tZfTqgA0",
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bœy̯x/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-buig.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Nl-buig.ogg/Nl-buig.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Nl-buig.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯x"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "buig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhuig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "mbuig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "buig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dated spelling of boig"
],
"id": "en-buig-ga-adj-~HN4n0Ts",
"links": [
[
"boig",
"boig#Irish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "buiga",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "buigs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "buiga",
"5": "plural",
"6": "buigs",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f2accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "buig (genitive buiga, plural buigs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buig (genitive buiga, plural buigs)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"booth, stall, kiosk"
],
"id": "en-buig-vo-noun-LQHDfM9W",
"links": [
[
"booth",
"booth"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
],
[
"kiosk",
"kiosk"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Volapük Nulik"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[buˈiɡ]"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "verbal adjective",
"translation": "verbal adjective",
"word": "geboë"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "nl",
"3": "buigen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch buigen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "dum",
"3": "bugen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch bugen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*būgan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *būgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*būganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *būganą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Dutch buigen, from Middle Dutch bugen, from Old Dutch *būgan, from Proto-Germanic *būganą, alternative form of *beuganą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "buig",
"tags": [
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "buigende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebuig",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buig (present buig, present participle buigende, past participle gebuig)",
"name": "af-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans ergative verbs",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Afrikaans verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to bow; to bend"
],
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ergative) to bow; to bend"
],
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bœi̯χ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bəi̯χ/",
"note": "œ-ə merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-buig.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-buig.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x/1 syllable"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "buig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"buig"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "buigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of buigen:",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"buigen",
"buigen#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bœy̯x/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-buig.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/32/Nl-buig.ogg/Nl-buig.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Nl-buig.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯x"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ga-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "buig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bhuig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition"
]
},
{
"form": "mbuig",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "buig",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ga-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Irish adjective forms",
"Irish dated forms",
"Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Irish non-lemma forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"dated spelling of boig"
],
"links": [
[
"boig",
"boig#Irish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "buiga",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "buigs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "buiga",
"5": "plural",
"6": "buigs",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f2accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "buig (genitive buiga, plural buigs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "buig (genitive buiga, plural buigs)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"booth, stall, kiosk"
],
"links": [
[
"booth",
"booth"
],
[
"stall",
"stall"
],
[
"kiosk",
"kiosk"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Volapük Nulik"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[buˈiɡ]"
}
],
"word": "buig"
}
Download raw JSONL data for buig meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: buig/Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"buig"
],
"section": "Irish",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "buig",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"buig"
],
"section": "Volapük",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "buig",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 11"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"buig"
],
"section": "Volapük",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "buig",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 11"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"buig"
],
"section": "Volapük",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "buig",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.